Research on Regional Independent Innovation and Open Innovation Optimization Strategy under Innovation Driving Strategy : Taking the biomedical industry of China as an example

With China's economic development entering the new normal, it is difficult to maintain further growth by relying on the traditional extensive mode of development. So "Innovation driven" has become one of the major strategies to drive the country's overall development. Under the background of innovation driven development strategy, independent innovation and open innovation have been emphasized. Xi Jinping, Chinese President, suggested that we should promote independent innovation in the background of open innovation. Because specific innovation relations often need to adopt adapted innovation strategy, how to optimize independent innovation strategy under open background and how to improve open innovation strategy under the guideline of independent innovation is the key issue for further research and national development. Therefore, taking the biological industry as an example, we use social network analysis method to build intra-regional and inter-regional innovation networks in 31 provinces during 1985-2013. And based on input-output theory, technology spillover effect and social capital theory, we empirically analyses the role of independent innovation investment in regional independent innovation and the moderating effect of open innovation on the relationship between independent innovation input and regional innovation output. The study finds that: regional R&D investment, including capital investment and personnel investment, will promote its innovative output, but regional international introduction, including import and FDI, will inhibit its innovation output. In addition, for intra-regional collaboration innovation, its network average clustering coefficient and density will promote the positive relationship between R&D investment and innovation output, but it will worsen the role of international introduction in restraining innovation output. For the inter-regional collaboration innovation, the regional clustering coefficient is beneficial to the promotion of R&D investment to the innovation output, but its network dependence plays an opposite role; moreover, the network dependence and betweenness centrality of the region will exacerbate the inhibitory effect of international introduction on innovative output. Finally, according to the above conclusions, we not only propose an optimization strategy for the independent innovation under the open innovation background, but also provide some suggestions for the open innovation under the policy of independent innovation.