Parametric and adsorption kinetic studies of Methylene Blue (MB) removal from textile simulated sample using durian (Duriozibethinus Murray) skin

In this study, durian skin, an agricultural waste, was examined for its ability to remove Methylene Blue (MB) dye from simulated textile wastewater. Adsorption Isotherms and kinetics of Methylene Blue (MB) from aqueous solutions at different parametric conditions such as different initial concentrations (2 to 10 mg/L), blosoroent dosages (0.3 g to 0.7 g) and pH solution (4 to 9) onto durian skin were studied using batch adsorption. Methylene Blue (MB) adsorption uptake was found to increase with the increase in initial dye concentration and biosorbent dosage and was favorable at a higher pH. The amount of Methylene Blue (MB) adsorbed increased from 3.45 to 17.48 mQ/g with the increase in Initial concentration of Methylene Blue (MB) dye, whereas biosorbent dosage Increased from 1.08 mQ/g to 2.47 mg/g. Maximum dye adsorption capacity of the durian skin was found to be Increased from 3.78 mg/g to 6.40 mg/g, In terms of the pH solution. Equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed according to langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Freundlich adsorption Isotherm model gave a good fit to the experimental data with a high correlation, RZ value of 0.9916. Kinetics analyses were conducted using pseudo-first-order and pseudosecond- order kinetic models. Based on the values of RZ obtained from the plots of pseudofirst- order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model, it was found that kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the rate-limiting step may be chemisorption. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area revealed that natural of durian skin was a macroporous structure. Nz adsorption-desorption Isotherm obtained from neat durian skin were corresponded to the Type In Isotherm. This was due to weak Interactions between the durian skin and the gas particles. A spectroscopic study using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FllR) of durian skin before and after adsorption showed that carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amide groups on the durian skin surface were Involved in the adsorption of the Methylene Blue (MB) Ions. These results suggest that the durian skin can be considered as low-cost and eco-friendly adsorbent for removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from Simulated textile wastewater.