Indoor millimetre-wave propagation channel simulations at 28, 39, 60 and 73 GHz for 5G wireless networks

Millimeter-wave indoor propagation characteristics including path loss models and multipath delay spread values for systems using directional and omnidirectional antennas are presented. The performance of the four 5G candidate frequencies, 28 GHz, 39 GHz, 60 GHz and 73 GHz, are investigated in line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios using published real time frequency measurements conducted in indoor environments. Comparisons are made against simulation data obtained from the 3D Ray Tracing Wireless InSite software over Tx-Rx separations of 1.5 m to 62 m. In addition, frequency-dependent electrical properties, such as conductivity-σ and permittivity-ε, of common building materials are incorporated in the simulation. Results show material type influences propagation behavior of mm-waves due to reflections, diffractions and penetrations of walls and objects (obstacles). It is also shown that while both, the received power and delay spread decrease with increasing frequency, the number of ray paths increases.