Toponyms as a separate category of onomastic lexis

The present article discusses the toponymic lexis as a kind of proper names, it massively determines the structural, functional and semantic parameters of the lexis. The understanding of the names essential parameters takes precedence over the meaningfulness of names against common names and other categories of proper names. The article considers the essence of a noun and further comparison with the proper names as a whole, and toponyms in particular. The study shows that toponyms have all those features which are essential for common names and proper names. However, they have their own differences: a) high connection with reality, b) high percentage of adjectives in names, c) high frequency of component names. The main difference between common and proper names is a single semantic attribute, which is appropriate for proper names.