Biochemical Investigation of Glycosylated Haemoglobin in Diabetes Associated Nephropathy in Chhattisgarh Population

Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide major health problem mostly associated with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). In most countries diabetic nephropathy has become the single most frequent cause of ESRD which requires Renal Replacement Therapy. The incidence of reported ESRD is 4.3% with type-1 diabetes mellitus and 4.5% with type-2 diabetes mellitus. The Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is widely accepted and used as the most reliable test for assessing chronic glycemia. The HbA1c reflects overall blood glucose levels over a period of 2-3 months and further, used to monitor diabetic treatment. Therefore, in the present investigation a biochemical approach of the HbA1c in diabetes associated nephropathy is proposed to explore in Chhattisgarh population. The study was undertaken including both male and female subjects and the fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar, HbA1c, urea and creatinine were analyzed in the blood. The result indicated that the levels of fasting, post-prandial blood sugar and glycosylated haemoglobin were elevated significantly (P<0.05) in diabetes associated nephropathy compared to control and nephropathy, however, there was no change compared to diabetes. Further, urea level increased significantly (P<0.05) in both nephropathy and diabetes associated nephropathy compared to both control and diabetes. Similarly, creatinine level increased significantly (P<0.05) in both nephropathy and diabetes associated nephropathy compared to both control and diabetes. Moreover, the creatinine level decreased significantly (P<0.05) in diabetes associated nephropathy compared to nephropathy only. In conclusion,glycosylated haemoglobin along with creatinine level would be an important tool in the pathobiogenesis and management of diabetes associated nephropathy.