Prevalence of Diabetic Nephropathy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and Glycaemic Control Evaluated by Glycaeted Haemoglobin in Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Nephropathy

Background: Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is by far the most common cause of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Approximately one-third of individuals with diabetes develop DN, with a high likelihood of progression to ESRD. In addition, DN is associated with considerably increased cardiovascular disease risk and mortality.Aim of Study: The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy between T2DM, and glycaemic control evaluated by a glycaeted haemoglobin in diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy.Material and Methods: This study was carried out on 100 diabetic patients who attended a private clinic in Aden-Yemen. Over a period from 1st June 2018 to 1st January 2019. All the participants studied were subjected to assessment of sex, age and duration of diabetes with laboratory investigations includ-ing determination of urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c).Results: The results showed that 14% of all patients have been studied had diabetic nephropathy, there were statistically significant relationships between diabetic nephropathy and duration of diabetes (p=0.040), there were no statistically significant relationships between diabetic nephropathy and age, sex and glycated haemoglobin level (HbA1c) of the patients.Conclusion: Screening for microalbuminuria will enable early identification of patients with DN. Duration of DM and was strong predictor associated with the development of DN in the patients studied.This also raises a red flag against the common medical practice of only using Serum Creatinine as a test to determine renal function.