A Review on Cosmic Inflation

The Standard Big Bang Cosmology gives the most accepted concept about the beginning and evolution of the Universe. However, it has problems: the flatness problem, the horizon problem and the monopole problem. The predictions of the Standard Big Bang Cosmology do not match the observations of modern cosmologists. Nonetheless, the admirers of the Standard Big Bang Cosmology continued to find out ways for solving those problems and such attempts lead to our knowledge of Inflationary Cosmology. The theory of inflation, which was first proposed by Alan Guth in 1981, soon became a “need” of modern cosmology and various modified models of inflationary Universe were proposed. In this paper, the author gives a brief insight of the Standard Big Bang Cosmology, introduces inflationary cosmology with its brief background, reviews some concepts associated with cosmic inflation, explains how inflation can be classified into various types, describes few of the popular types in brief and explains how the cosmological problems are solved by cosmic inflation. Moreover, few insightful examples have been given to easily explain the fundamental concepts so that even a junior researcher can get thorough idea about the field by escaping the equations and simply going through the text selectively.