SUSTAINABLE PUBLIC TRANSPORT PLANNING IN INDONESIA, CASE STUDY IN YOGYAKARTA AND BANDUNG

The Public transport reform is very important to increase the use of public transport mode. Public transport problems include: an overall lack of capacity, lack of quality and choice, severe traffic congestions and insufficient fund to renew and repair vehicles. Generally, the comfort and quality of the public transport fleet is poor, and many of the vehicles are dilapidated and dirty. Whereas those who can least afford to travel may be prepared to suffer such indignities, people who can pay to travel by their own vehicles, or by taxi, would seldom find any temptation to use public. Increasingly, patronage will be confined to the poorest members of society, thereby further eroding service levels and comfort. Most of the public transport users are captive passengers, who use the public transport because they have no choice to travel by other modes. Public transport system in Yogyakarta and Bandung were analyzed by counting public transport vehicles and occupancies, interviewing the public transport passengers, drivers and institutional staffs, who involve in public transport management. This paper will then analyze the possible plan to develop the urban public transport system to become more attractive and to improve the public transport management. The short, medium and long term plans are analyzed, to find the best solutions. Some constraints such as social impacts and financial impact are also taken into accounts.