Risk factors for intracranial infections caused by micro-invasive drainage for spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage and prevention measures

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors of intracranial infections after micro-invasive drainage treatment of the patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage so as to provide theoretical bases for further prevention and treatment.METHODS The clinical data of 260 patients treated with micro-invasive drainage from Feb 2005 to Dec 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Of totally 260 cases of patients with spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage,30 cases(11.5%)of intracranial infection were found;the infection rate of the patients aged between 20 and 60 years old was 8.00%,the infection rate of the patients aged more than 60 years old 18.00%,the difference between the two group was significant(P0.05);the patients with the duration of indwelling less than 5days had a lower infection rate than did those with the duration of indwelling more than 5days(6.43% vs 17.50%),the difference was significant(P0.05);the patients using single catheter had a lower infection rate than did those using dual catheters(7.06% vs 20.00%),the difference was significant(P0.01);the infection rate of the patients who underwent the intracerebral hematoma cavity drainage was 5.56%,the patients who underwent the ventricular drainage 21.43%,the difference between the two groups was significant(P0.01);the infection rate of the patients with the hematoma cavity injected with urokinase was 14.86%,the patients without being injected with urokinase 4.71%,the difference was significant(P0.05);the infection rate of the patients with complications was 20.69%,the patients without complication 6.94%,the difference was significant(P0.01);the infection rate of the patients with the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid after removal of the catheter was 26.15%,the patients without the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid 6.67%,the difference was significant(P0.01).In addition,the lower the GCS score,the greater the infection rate was.CONCLUSION With the widespread use of micro-invasive surgery,it is important to properly analyze and treat the postoperative complications.The measures for the prevention of postoperative infections include the reasonable application of antibiotics,shortening the duration of indwelling,correct positioning of drainage pack,rational injection of urokinase,and nutrition reinforcement as well as prevention of other complications.