Treatment Methods of Rural Sewage and Analysis of Their Effects in Beijing

In order to study the characteristics and treatment effects of rural sewage and thus to choose the appropriate sewage treatment technologies,the sewage structure,water quantity,sewage discharge,and pollutant content of four typical villages in five counties of Tongzhou,Fangshan,Changping,Huairou,Miyun were investigated,and the pollutants removal rate,construction and operation costs,and cover area of six sewage treatment technologies were studied.The results showed that the sewage of Beijing rural areas is mainly composed of the kitchen sewage,washing sewage,toilet-flushing sewage,and breeding sewage.The amount of sewage emission is larger in summer than that in winter,and the sewage has a large number of different pollutants.The water quality in the fringe area is the worst whereas it is the best for the mountain area.The sewage treatment technologies of the MBR,MBR+ land infiltration,and A/O+ land treatment were suitable for the fringe area and the plain area with good economic condition.The wetland process treatment was suitable for the plain area with large cover area,relatively poor economic condition,and low demand for the effluent water quality.The anaerobic biofilter treatment can be used in the mountain area,and The MBR and other efficient combined sewage treatment technologies can be used in the folk tourism area with good economic condition and high demand for the effluent water quality.