The optimization of culture condition to mature embryoand screening of high callus induction efficiency genotypes in wheat

In order to improve differentiation efficiency of wheat mature embryo,study the tissue culture characteristics of wheat mature embryo and screen for high efficiency genotype wheat varieties,36 wheat varieties were used as experimental materials to study the effect of different induction times,KT at different concentrations and different time length of drying treatment to the differentiation efficiency of mature embryo. 30 wheat varieties were screened for high efficiency genotype varieties with high regeneration rate. The results showed that,callus formation frequency were as positively affected byinduction time,while the differentiation rate first increased thendecreased as the number of induction days increased,when callus induction was about 12 days and the concentration of KT was0. 5 mg·L- 1,the differentiation rate was best. 8 ~12 hours drying treatment can significantly improve differentiation rate before calli was transferred to the differentiation medium. Of all the 30 wheat materials,the differentiation rate of 15 cultivars reached 30% or more,of which Taishan 1389,Huaimai 20 and Fanmai 5th were 41. 5%,41. 2% and 39.6%,respectively. Thus,calluses induced 12 days,drying treatment to 8 ~12 h and 0. 5 mg·L- 1KT to induct was the best in the process culture of calluses from wheat mature embryo. Some wheat varieties of high regeneration rate were screened from different places,which can be used as the receptor materials of genetic transformation.