Pregnancy Outcomes of Severe Preeclampsia Premature Birth and Spontaneous Premature Birth:A Case-Control Study

Objective To explore the maternal and neonatal outcomes of different types of severe preeclampsia premature birth.Methods The pregnant outcomes of 142 patients with severe preeclampsia premature birth (the study group) were compared with 311 patients with spontaneous premature birth (the control group).Singleton pregnancy was divided into three stages by gestational age:very early premature birth (28-31+6 weeks),moderate premature birth (34-36+6 weeks) and mild premature birth (32-33+6 weeks).Multiple-pregnancy was divided into two stages:34 weeks of gestation group and ≥34 weeks of gestation group.Results The rates of antenatal care and the average birth weight of trial group were much lower than those of control group.The rates of cesarean delivery and complications of trial group were much higher than those of control group.The total neonatal mortality and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalization rate of singleton pregnancy in trial group was much higher than that of control group (P0.05).In very early premature birth,neonatal outcomes were particularly bad,but there was no difference between trial group and control group.In moderate premature birth and mild premature birth,the incidences of neonatal pneumonia and the aspiration syndrome of trial group were higher than those of control group,and the duration of NICU hospitalization was longer in trial group than in control group.The incidences of heart failure and postpartum hemorrhage in twin pregnancy combined with severe preeclampsia were particularly high.Conclusion Severe preeclampsia significantly affects fetal growth and perinatal outcomes;the average birth weight in each trial group of singleton pregnancy is much lower than that of control group.In moderate premature birth and mild premature birth,the neonatal adverse outcomes of trial group are much higher than those of control group.The total neonatal mortality and NICU hospitalization rate of singleton pregnancy in trial group is much higher than that of control group.In very early premature birth,morbidity and mortality of the newborn is closely related to gestational age.Women of multiple-pregnancy complicated with severe preeclampsia require more concerns about health care in order to prevent heart failure and postpartum hemorrhage.