Three Focuses in the Study of Chinese Ancient History towards the Close of the 20th Century

Towards close of 20th century, there were three focuses in study of Chinese ancient history: 1. the ancient civilization of China and emergence of scholars concerned have made a thorough study of related problems such as the key elements of civilization,civilized period, birthplace of civilization, and formation and development of early state; 2. five modes of production and division of historical periods in China; author believes that application of Marxist theory of social forms will reveal essential traits of each historical period; 3. the economic structure and development level of early modem a problem concerning rudimentary stage of capitalism in China, on which scholars at home and abroad have aired their different views.