The Mainstream of Academic Atmosphere in the Early Song Dynasty

Since the Song Dynasty pursued the policy of rule the nation with scholar officials,the scholar officials played a role as the ruling basis in the Song Dynasty.This academic atmosphere affected the social stability,the validity of administrations,the well-regulated political environment,and even the political success of the Song Dynasty.Therefore,the academic atmosphere was one of the most important issues in the political and cultural history of the Song Dynasty.It is believed that the first three courts of the Song Dynasty are the primitive period when various policies and rules were established because it moulded the academic atmosphere and spirit since the founding of the Song.In the early Song Dynasty the mental attitude of the scholar officials was characteristic of hermit(hidden leisurely),apostasy(making a political recantation),extravagance by following policies prudently.