The Ways of Cultural Exchanges between the Zhuangs and the Hans in Yunnan in the Ming and Qing Dynasty

In the Ming and Qing Dynasty, the Han migrants entering the Zhuang-inhabited area included officials, farmers, handicraftsmen and businessmen. The officials were the advocator and guide of Han culture. In most cases, these Han migrants, once having merged among the Zhuangs, would become the dominant group for their cultural exchanges. After the Power-shift Movement, the local Zhuang officials often came to the capital to pay tribute, which is a special cultural exchange between the Hans and the Zhuangs. Through various ways and means, the Zhuangs accepted some ideas and customs of the Hans who in turn were under the influence of Zhuang culture and gradually merged into Zhuang society.