Comprehensive Extraction of Active Components from Black Pepper by Supercritical CO_2

The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction(SFE-CO2) of essential oil and oleoresin from black pepper is presented in this paper.Firstly,low pressure and temperature was adopted for the selective extraction of black pepper essential oils.Then,high pressure and temperature were introduced at the presence of a polar entrainer for the black pepper oleoresin rich in piperine.Moreover,the black pepper essential oil obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction was purified by molecular distillation into the colorless and tasteless product,which could be used in the daily chemical industry.Aroma components were also analyzed by GC-MS.The experimental results showed that the optimum conditions of the supercritical CO2 extraction of black pepper essential oil were 10 MPa of pressure,35 ℃ of temperature and 1.5 h of time.The yield was 3.01%.The optimum conditions of oleoresin extraction were m(raw material):m(volume fraction 95% ethanol)=2:1,30 MPa of pressure,50 ℃ of temperature and 4 h of time.The yield was 7.88% and the piperine content in oleoresin was 65.79%.