The Factor of Management and the Occurrence of Kailuan Mines' Calamities in Modern History

Behind the prosperous production and management of modern Kailuan Mines,coal calamities broke out constantly and were hard to stop,and the heavy casualties were astonishing.The Occurrence of coal calamities is closely related to the social and factitious factors,one of which is the factor of management.Consummate systems and ways can ensure mining safe production.The limitations of production management and security management in Kailuan Mines became secious hidden trouble.Kailuan's managers adopted Baogong System as the ways of managing workers,and drove them arbitrarily.Therefore,these became the factors of management which resulted in Kailuan Mines' calamities in modern history.