Organization Networks of Chinese Marine Container Transportation

Marine container transportation is an important transportation organization model and impacted the evolution of world ports system.Now it is developing quickly in China and became a key factor to develop national economy.Research on the organization networks of marine container transportation became the importan field of transportation geography.Based on history research of container transportation in foreign countries and China,the author discussed the theory in detailed about liner ship transportation and spatial organization model of container transportation—Hub and Spoke System.Then the author chose 70 container shipping liner companies,360 ports(including 45 Chinese ports and 315 international ports)and the container shipping data at 1-7 on October in 2004 as the studying objects,and designed the spatial analysis model.Then the author took container transportation line,schedule,spatial relation and region system as studying aspect,and analyzed China container transportation organization networks,and summarized these conclusions:(1)Hong Kong port and Shanghai port have the most strong ability to organize marine container transportation;Shenzhen port,Ningbo port,Qingdao port,Xiamen port,Tianjin port and Dalian port have stronger organization ability;the ability of other ports to organize container transportation is very weak.(2)Different port has different main organization region.The northern ports and eastern ports in China have strong transportation relation with Japan and Korea,southern ports have stronger transportation relation with North America,Europe and Southeast Asia,which show China have stronger international economic relation with those regions.(3)There have six region organization systems of Hub and Spoke in China,including Dalian system,Tianjin system,Qingdao system,the eastern China system,the southern China system,Southeast of Fujian system,whose hub ports are Dalian port,Tianjin port,Qingdao port,Shanghai port,Shenzhen-Xianggang port which promote Chinese economy.These six organization systems formatted the basic networks of marine container transportation in China which is alike with its regional economic framework.(4)Chinese ports were belong to three international organization systems of container transportation,including Busan,Osaka-Kobe and Singapore system which constructed East Asia and Southeast Asia international organization systems of marine container,and whose hub ports including Busan port,Osaka port,Kobe port and Singapore port which control the international container flow in China.