Study on the distribution characteristics of 50g GCT and 75g OGTT of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of glucose screening(50 g GCT) and 75 g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) in Chengdu.Methods:2 514 pregnant women establishing medical cards and receiving prenatal examination in the hospital from September 2008 to June 2009 received GCT,the pregnant women with high risk factors of GDM received examination before 24 gestational weeks;the pregnant women without high risk factors of GDM received examination at 24～28 gestational weeks;even if the pregnant women with rapid increase of body weight,too big fetus and hydramnios had negative results of GCT test during the second and third trimester of pregnancy,timely and repeated GCT test also was carried out;the patients with abnormal GCT received OGTT after 3 days.Results:The incidence of GDM was 4.97% in Chengdu,there was significant difference in abnormal rate of GCT and positive rate of GDM among patients of different gestational weeks,the detection rate at 24～28 gestational weeks was the highest;50 g GCT 1-hour blood glucose level of cases with GDM in Chengdu showed normal distribution,the average value was(9.53±1.47) mmol/L,and the value showed an increasing trend with the increase of gestational weeks;the average 75 g OGTT fasting blood glucose was(5.03±1.08) mmol/L,1-hour blood glucose level was(11.56±1.36) mmol/L,2-hour blood glucose level was(10.12±1.29) mmol/L,3-hour blood glucose was(7.33±1.15) mmol/L;the level of fasting blood glucose was relative low,but the values of 1-hour,2-hour and 3-hour blood glucose were relatively high.Conclusion:It is necessary for pregnant women to screen blood glucose regularly,the optimal screening gestational week of GCT is 24～28 gestational weeks,the pregnant women with high risk factors should receive examination during the first visit;the pregnant women with high risk factors and normal results of blood glucose during the first screening should receive reexamination in order to prevent missed diagnosis.It is necessary to carry out multi-center study at different regions according to the distribution characteristics of 50g GCT and 75g OGTT of pregnant women in Chengdu,and current diagnostic criteria of glucose screening and glucose tolerance should be confirmed and regulated.