Guangdong Hakka Agricultural Immigrants during the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Social and Economic Development in Guangxi: A Perspective of Agricultural Integration of the West-Fan Market of the Pearl River Delta

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,particularly the Qing Dynasty,the Hakkas in Guangdong Province or those formerly from Fujian moved westward to Guangxi,a fan provincial area of Pan-Pearl River Delta economic circle. They,together with other immigrants,changed the situation of a vast territory with a sparse population there,causing multiples of population. Different from the indigenous people,these Hakkas of the Han nationality, influenced by the Central Plains Civilization,and by economic and commercial development Guangdong and Fujian in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,enhanced greatly the integration of Guangxi national minorities and the people of Han Nationality,and promoted socio-economic development of Guangxi.