On the Security System of Secret Memorial to the Emperor in Ming Dynasty

The Secret memorial is the kind of document which was presented to emperor by officials in Ming Dynasty.Comparing with other memorial documents to emperor,the secret memorial has the advantages of being secret,as it could directly get to the emperor and the emperor would examine it directly,rather than being examined by cabinet officials or through others' hand.Secret is one of the important features of secret memorial.Both emperors and officials had good sense of keeping secret,and there were many strict measures to keep secret in the process of transcribing,presenting and examining of secret memorials.It was those measures to keep the secret memorials to be secret.