Buckling of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel Members with Holes

Since the early 1940s , steel structural cold-formed members such as columns , beams and beam-columns with holes had been applied all over the world , since such cold-formed steel members can provide an economical design.In addition , unusual sectional forms can be easily made by the cold forming process.While during the last century , only individual compression or bending members are investigated.The analysis and design of steel cold-formed sections with holes are rather complex especially when the shape of holes and their arrangements are unusual.In this paper , the calculating methods for the flexural-torsional buckling and distortional buckling of cold-formed thin-walled members with and without holes are introduced with a few examples based on theoretical analysis and experimental data.