Change of bone mineral density in type 2 diabetes and its influential factors

Objective To investigate the relations between bone mineral density changes in the patients with type 2 diabetes complicating osteoporosis and height,weight,body mass index,blood glucose,insulin related factors.Methods Seventy-eight patients with type 2 diabetic and 72 healthy persons were selected,and measured their bone mineral density in the second to fourth lumber and the proximal left femur with the dual-energy X BMD measuring instrument.The relation between changes of bone mineral density in the patients with diabetes mellitus and height,weight,body mass index,blood glucose,HbA1c and insulin levels was observed.Results Diabetes group with osteoporosis had 37 cases(47.43%),non-diabetic group with osteoporosis had 25 cases(34.72%).The bone mineral density of diabetic group was significantly lower than that of the control group,there was significant difference(P0.05).The bone mineral density in the patients with type 2 diabetes was negatively correlated to glucose,glycated and positively correlated to pancreatic B-cell function,weight,height,body mass.Conclusion(1)The incidence of type 2 diabetic patients with osteoporosis is significantly higher than that of healthy control group.The bone mineral density is correlated to blood glucose,insulin B-cell function.B-cell failure,the relative shortage of islet insulin secretion and poor control of blood sugar also decrease the bone mineral density significantly.(2)low weight is one of the risk factors of fractures,the changes in bone mineral density have significant difference between the type 2 diabetes group with low weight and the control group with low weight(P0.01).Therefore,the patients with type 2 diabetes should strictly control the blood sugar,detect the bone mineral density regularly,prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis and reduce the risk of fractures.