Avifauna of Qingshan Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia

Bird diversity was surveyed by transect lines and fixed observation points in Inner Mongolia Qingshan Nature Reserve in four seasons of 2011. Based on field surveys and historical records,178 species of birds belong to 17 orders and 52 families were recorded which accounted for 40. 2% of total bird species of Inner Mongolia and 39. 0% of Greater Khingan Mountain,reflecting a high birds species diversity of this area. Among these birds,5 species are listed as Class Ⅰ National Key Protected Species and 31 species are Class Ⅱ National Key Protected Species. The recorded birds are divided into 10 distribution patterns with typical Palaearctic characteristics and including 43 residents,75 summer breeders,13 winter migrants and 47 passing bird species. Some birds' residential types have changed.