Progress in Immune Responses Mediated by T cells During the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the pathogen causing TB, the bacteria may be infringing the body's tissues and organs. Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious diseases, as it's pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, characterized by persistence Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a kind of intracellular bacterium. CD4+and CD8+cell immunity are the main forms of resistance to bacterial. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was a delay in the early stage of infection of T-cell immune responses. Recent studies have revealed the mechanisms that contribute to this delayed responses, it is that Mtb. delays immune response by inhibiting apoptosis of immune cells(CD4+and CD8+T cells as well as DC) and the inhibition of specific regulatory T cells(Treg).There exists an IFN-γ signal regulating network and chronic stimulation of ESAT-6 antigen during the chronic Mtb infection, by which the mechanism could regulate and maintain the immune response. Further understanding the mechanisms of the adaptive immune responses that regulate and maintain by antigen-specific T cell is beneficial to the development of anti-TB vaccine. As to provide theoretical basis for clinical work and scientific method.