Clinical observation the effect of dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation after sevoflurane general anesthesia in pediatrics

OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation after sevoflurane general anesthesia in pediatric patients.METHODS 80 pediatric patients after sevoflurane general anesthesia were divided into two age groups,with 40 in each group.group Ⅰaged 3-6 years,group Ⅱaged 7-12 years,each group was randomly divided into two sub groups: Dexmedetomidine group(group MⅠ,group MⅡ,n=20) and control group(group CⅠ,group CⅡ,n=20).The patients in group M were intravenously injected dexmedetomidine 1 μg·kg-1 after tracheal intubation,and patients in group C were intravenously injected isometric normal saline solution within 10 mins.SBP,DBP,HR,MAC and concentration of exhaled sevoflurane were recorded 5 min before injected(T0)and injected in 5 min(T1),at 5 min(T2),15 min(T3),30 min(T4),60 min(T5)after injection,cessation of sevoflurane inhalation(T6).The incidence and degree of emergence agitation,the recovery time,the time of staying in postanesthesia care unit(PACU)and 4 h or 8 h Ramsay scores after operation were recorded.The incidence of adverse reactions such respiratory depression,lethargy,shivering,nausea and vomiting and so on were recorded.RESULTS SBP at T1 points in group M increased significantly compared with those in group C at T1 point(P0.05);The incidence of emergence agitation in group M was significantly lower than in group C(P0.05);there were significant differences in MAC and concentration of exhaled sevoflurane among groups M and groups C(P0.05);The 4 h Ramsay scores after operation in group M was significantly higer than that in group C(P0.05);The incidence of lethargy in group M was much more than in group C(P0.05);The recovery time in group M was much longer than that in group C(P0.05).The time of staying in PACU in group MⅡwas much longer than that in group CⅡ(P0.01).CONCLUSION It was safe and feasible to give dexmedetomidine(1 μg·kg-1) for reducing emergence agitation after sevoflurane general anesthesia in pediatric patients and also reducing the amount of anesthetic.