Primitive Taoism and Early Buddhism Reflected in Tombs of Han Dynasty in Xuzhou

Xuzhou is the important kingdom of Han Dynasty.A number of Han tombs have been discovered in this area.As the essential information which has been handed down by ancient people,these tombs have been reflected abundant of social phenomenon.One important part of the phenomenon is social ideology,such as primitive Taoism and early Buddhism.Zhang Daoling,the founder of primitive Taoism,who is from Xuzhou.The leading figures,which have been unearthed from the Han tomb located in Liulou of Suining country,illustrate the social basis that primitive Taoism was founded in Xuzhou.Taoism propagated quickly and influenced every part of the society.Tombs in Xuzhou,the hometown of primitive Taoism's founder,were influenced by Taoism directly.The manifestations are mainly about guiding the soul to heaven immortality,guarding the soul of the tomb,keeping living in the world,etc.Buddhism was founded in the sixth century BC,in India,south of Asia.Buddhism was brought to China by land in Western Han and spread widely in Eastern Han,because of Liu Ying,the king of Chu,was believes it.Buddhism didn't become popular in Xuzhou until early Eastern Han.It also promoted the spread of early Buddhism in China.In the tombs of late Eastern Han,there were many funerary objects which signify Buddhism.Such as,Figurines of Hu People with peaked cap,the base of the statue,oil lamp with 9 wicks,and maybe gilded bronze statue.The subjects of the portrait stone were extensive.The contents were vivid.These illustrated that Buddhism was widespread at that time.Therefore,the contents of Xuzhou's Han tombs could reflect the influence between the tombs and social ideology.