Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from clinical specimens in patients with hematological diseases

Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from hospitalized patients with hematological diseases.Methods Bacterial strains were isolated from patients with hematological disease from January 2009 to December 2011.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer method and the data was analyzed by WHONET 5.5 software.Results During 2009-2011,a total of 583 pathogens were isolated,including 317(54.4%) strains of gram-negative bacilli and 266(45.6%) strains of gram-positive bacilli.The first 5 strains of microbes in frequency order were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterococcus faecium,Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterococcus faecalis.The Enterobacteriaceae strains(Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae) were still highly susceptible to carbapenems,the sensitivity rate was 90.3%-100%.About 22.2% of Acinetobacter baumannii strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem.As for the gram-positive cocci,no strain was found resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin.In Enterococcus spp.,the resistance rates of Enterococcus faecium strains to the tested drugs were higher than those of Enterococcus faecalis.The rates of extended spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 64.4% and 36.9%,respectively.The prevalences of methicillin resistant strains in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococcus were 53.2% and 81.2%,respectively.Conclusions The antibiotic resistance rate of clinical bacterial isolates is increasing in trend.The spread of multi-drug resistant strains implies the importance of strengthening the control of infection.Antibiotics should be administrated rationally with consideration of the characteristics of epidemiology and drug resistance profile of pathogens in department of hematology.