Inheritance and Variation on the Governor and Inspector System of Ming and Qing Dynasties

The governor and inspector system of Ming and Qing follows courter offcial inspecting locality system,which has much to do with Cishi-system ,emissary-system in Han dynasty and Jie-du-shi system in Tang dynasty.The governor-inspector system of Ming originates in Jianwen imperial and is basically established in Xuan-de period. The governor-inspector system is interited by Qing to inspect locality and to control local military forces. The great power of governor inspector expands and strengthens during crackdown of peasants'risings and the Learning-from-forien nations movement.The changings of governor-inspectors have their historic source,power-system,institution-reason,dependence-path,which is an typical case during courter-localization in Chinese ancient political institution.The governor-inspector-system in Ming and Qing period has an important influence on Chinese ancient local political institution,especially on relationship between central govevnment and local governments.