Effect of Medical Nutrition Therapy on the Pregnancy Women with Abnormal Glucose Metabolism

Objective To investigate the effect of medical nutrition therapy(MNT) on the pregnancy women with abnormal glucose metabolism.Methods Totally 83 cases of single pregnancy women with abnormal glucose metabolism in Guangdong Provincial People′s Hospital from Jul.2007 to Dec 2007 were divided as trial group(n=40) and control group(n=43) according to whether they seek for nutritional consulting during their medial period of pregnancy.The pregnant women in both groups received periodical cares from obstetricians,and those in the trial group were given additional cares by professional dieticians and received MNT of food exchange list(FEL) plus glycemic load(GL).The blood sugar levels during the pregnant periods,weight gain in pregnancy,and final outcomes of the pregnancy women and infants between the two groups were compared.Results The incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism during the pregnant period was 5.76%(83/1440),of which that of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) was 2.43%(83/1440) and that of gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT) was 3.33%(35/1440).There were no significant differences before treatment in fasting blood glucose(FBG) and 2-h postprandial blood glucose(PBG) between the two groups(P0.05),however there were after treatment(P0.05).Between the two groups,there were significant differences in the total amount and weekly amount of pregnant women′s weight gain(P0.05),and so there was no significant difference in newborns′ body weight(P0.05).The incidence of premature,macrosomia and fetal distress were 12.5%,2.5% and 7.5% respectively,lower than those in the control group,but with no statistical significance(P0.05).Conclusion MNT may improve the postprandial blood glucose for pregnancy women with abnormal glucose metabolism,it is of a guiding role for the management of their weight gain.