The postnatal follow-up in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective To investigate the prognosis and related factors of glucose metabolism in postnatal women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods Data of 624 women with GDM during pregnancy delivered in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2010 were collected.According to the 6~8 weeks postnatal glucose metabolism the 624 women were divided into two groups,444 glucose metabolism;180 abnormal postnatal glucose metabolism.Results 1) Among the 624 subjects,444(71.2%) women glucose metabolism return to normal 6~8 weeks after delivery;180(28.8%) still had abnormal glucose metabolism 6~8 weeks after delivery,including 18 with diabetes mellitus(DM),32 with impaired fasting glucose(IFG),130 with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).2) The time point of diagnosing GDM was earlier in abnormal glucose metabolism group than in normal glucose metabolism group,the level of fasting blood glucose,body mass index(BMI) in prenatal and postnatal and the lipid levels were higher in abnormal glucose metabolism group than in normal glucose metabolism group.Significant difference was found in using insulin during pregnancy,accompanying related complications and with DM family history between the two groups(P0.05),which was higher in abnormal glucose metabolism group.No significant difference was found in the ratio of breast feeding(P0.05).3) No significant difference were found in age,the times of pregnancy and delivery and body mass gaining during pregnancy(P0.05).Conclusion 1) Most GDM women could restore normal glucose metabolism 6~8 weeks' after delivery,only 28.8% GDM women continued to have abnormal glucose metabolism.2) The earlier diagnosis of GDM,fasting blood glucose,DM family history,using insulin in pregnancy,accompanying related complications,BMI in prenatal and postnatal and higher lipid were high risks in postnatal glucose metabolism.