On the Grammaticalization and Subjectivisation of the Adverb Dou(都)

From verb and noun to the adverb of scope, from adverb of scope to adverb of mood which can also express the aspect, the evolutions and the connections of dou(都)come down in one continuous line and are very clear. Because of the disappear of lian(连), the expressing focus of dou(都) from universal quantification has turned into subjective emphasize, and further turned the expression of the aspect when dou(都) has been entailing degree to result. There are two kinds of dou(都) in modern Chinese: one is adverb of scope, and the other is adverb of mood.