Study on the relationship between bird community structure and forest ecology in the cultivation areas of North China Plain

In this paper, the relationship between the bird community structure and the forest ecology in Langfang region (38°8′～40°05′N, 116°07′～117°15′E) in the northern part of the North China Plain is researched. The total area of the region is 6 429 km 2, and the area of cultivatable farmlands is 3.7×10 5 hm 2. Based on the differences of species of woods, ages of forests, areas of woodlands and varieties of crops, seventeen plots of woodlands with the different habitats are selected, and the relationship between bird community structure and forest ecology in the cultivation areas of Langfang region in Hebei province is researched. By adopting the given woodland plot, the relative density, important value, distribution coefficient of each bird species are measured, and the bird community diversity is calculated. The results show that the Shannon-Wiener indices, encountering probabilities of the different bird species and evenness indices of bird communities in the young growths and the middle-aged woodlands of Populus sp. are the lowest as wheat fields in the seventeen different habitats. The bird species, population quantities and indices of diversity of bird communities in aged forests of Populus sp. and the mixed woodlands are higher than that in other habitats. These results reveal that the spatial heterogeneity of vegetation has a significant effect on bird community structure. It is considered that the plant diseases and insect pests in forests can be effectively prevented and controlled and the diversity of bird communities can be effectively increased by rationally distributing the wood species.