On the Speciality of the Spirit of Learning of Zhang Zai's Guanism ——A Concurrent View of the Modern Meaning of the Guanist Spirit of Learning

It was largely because of the rulers of the North Song Dynasty's orietation of civil administration and policy of setting administering the nation on Confucianism and the government and the public's mutual operation for carrying out a wise rule that resulted in the conversion of the Confucian spirit from a positivist pattern to a logical pattern. Hence the rise of the Taoist school in the day. Zhang Zai established his Taoism just in the course of this conversion. His Guanism is characteristic of its Taoist configuration of boldly establishing a and carefully contemplating to seek Tao, its political stand of Tao and rule not being mutually exclusive, its means of moral accomplishment of forming personality with manners and converting disposition, its mission of enlightening society of educating with manners and civilizing the mind and bettering the behaviour and its style of business of caring for the people and managing by every means. Finally, the modern meaning of Zhang Zai's Guanism can be well understood in terms of the historical and realistic social meaning of academic ideology.