Autologous stem cell transplantation for the treatment of adult acute leukemia

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficiency of autologous stem cell transplantation for the treatment of adult acute leukemia(AL); To observe the quantity of peripheral blood stem cells collected after the therapy of more than 2 courses of intermediate/highdose cytarabine (I/HIDAC). Method:17 patients of AL received autologous stem cell transplantation,among them 4 patients received autologous bone marrow transplantation(ABMT),13 patients received autologous peripheral blood stem cells transplantation(APBSCT).4 patients were treated with more than 2 courses of I/HIDAC before APBSCT. The collection of hematopoietic stem cells,the hematologic recovery and the clinical efficiency were observed. Result:The amount of mononuclear cells (MNC) and the CD34+ cells of APBSCT group were higher than that of ABMT group (P0.05). The amount of MNC and the CD34+ cells of I/HIDAC group had no difference compared with other APBSCT patients (P0.05). The hematologic recovery (neutrophil 0.5×109/L and platelet 20×109/L) was significantly reduced in PBSCT group(P0.01).4 patient received autologous stem cell transplantation in relapse ,the median overall survival(OS) after autologous stem cell transplantation is 9.5 months, the median OS after autologous stem cell transplantation of patients in complete remission (CR) group is 81 months(P0.05). The median OS of 17 patients is 84 months, the median diseasefree survival(DFS)of 17 patients is 81 months, 3year DFS rate was 68.25%±1123%. Conclusion:Hematologic recovery was significantly reduced in PBSCT group;Enough amount of hematopoietic stem cells can be collected in patients after more than 2 courses of I/HIDAC ; Patiens received autologous stem cell transplantation after CR can achieve relative high longterm OS and DFS.