Calculation and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Ecological Security in Heilongjiang Province

This paper calculated ecological footprint ecological carrying capacity and ecological security of different land types and each city of Heilongjiang Province in 2012,using the ecological footprint model. The study found that: 1There was a big difference between the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of different types of land,of which the highest pasture consumption was up 8. 87hm2 per person,followed by energy sites( 6. 20hm2 per person) and water( 2. 59hm2 per person),other types of land consumption was relatively small. While for ecological carrying capacity,the ecological carrying capacity of the woodland and farmland was the highest proportion,accounting for 50% and48% respectively,the ecological carrying capacity of other land types were negligible. 2Urban industrial structure and resource endowments had lager effect on the regional carrying capacity and ecological footprint: Harbin,Daqing and Qiqihar that were all industrial city had a higher ecological footprint while the area covered by the national forestlands,Heihe and Yichun were higher in the ecological carrying capacity.