The Origin and Orientation of Bakhtin's Linguistic Philosophy

In all his life,Mikhail Bakhtin probed into many fields such as phenomenology,sociology,linguistics and historical literature,which gives rise to a complex synthesis.The theory of utterance is regarded as the pith of his translinguistic theory.Bakhtin's translinguistics begins with his criticism on traditional linguistic-philosophical theories,especially on Freudianism and formalism.At the same time,Bakhtin is also influenced by New-Kantism and Marxism.At last,Muscovite ethos also effects in his linguistic philosophy to some degree.The combination of different strands of thought forms the foundation of Bakhtin's unique linguistic philosophy.However,his criticisms should not be regarded as objective,hence not a very challenge to his targets,such as Saussure,Humboldt and the Russian formalists.His linguistic philosophy is stained with the color of his own ideology,some kind of detraction to the glamour of his philosophy.