Analysis of screening results of irregular antibodies before blood transfusion

Objective To identify serum or plasma irregular antibodies in patients,analyze their distribution characteristic,so as to prevent hemolytic transfusion reaction.Methods Microcolumn gel immunoassay was applied to screening and identifying irregular antibodies in clinical suspicious matching blood samples from June 2006 to December 2007,and then the types and distribution characteristic of irregular antibodies were analyzed.Results 54 cases were irregular antibody positive,in which 28 cases (51.85%) were homologous antibodies,26 cases (48.15%) were autologous antibodies,2 cases were unidentified antibodies. In homologous antibodies,Rh system antibody was predominant (53.57%) (in which anti-E was more than anti-D),followed by MNSs system antibody (19.23%). Anti-M (5,9.26%) was the most in MNSs system. In autologous antibodies,anti-IgG was the most (53.84%),followed by anti-IgG+anti-C3d (30.77%) and cold autoantibody (15.38%). No hemolytic transfusion reaction occurred in patients with isoantibody after infusion of blood with corresponding antigen negative. The symptom of anaemia was alleviated in patients with autoantibody after quantitative washed red cells infusion.Conclusion Screening of irregular antibodies and infusion of suitable blood are conductive to decrease or avoidance of hemolytic transfusion reaction,and guarantee of blood safety.