Essence of the dispute between Han school and Song school in Qing Dynasty and its influence

The review of the dispute between Han school and Song school in Qing Dynasty from the traditional angle can fully reveal its essence and influence.The analysis shows that the essence of the dispute between them is actually the one between the Confucianism and the authority.Shunzhi and Kangxi,after taking the name of Song school,gradually transform Confucians to the Confucian orthodoxy so that Song school in Qing Dynasty lost their chances to speak.In this case,a lot of Confucians of Han school had to look for new approach and open up new learning so that they could have their position before the authority and their new orthodoxy.However,their narrow scope in learning and the way of repelling anything and distrusting anybody resulted in the failure of their expectation and also the breakdown of themselves.With the great impact of European and American cultures,they were disintegrated step by step and became weaker in the contemporary idealogy.