Prevalence and risk factors of microalbuminuria in hospitalized middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes millitus

Objective To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of microalbuminuria in hospitalized middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients. Methods The blood glucose,renal function,lipid profile,and 24 h-urinary albumin were measured in 973 hospitalized middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients from July,2002 to Sep,2008. The 24 h-urinary albumin of 30-300 mg twice was defined as microalbuminuria. All the patients received fundus photography by ophthalmologists. Results ① The prevalence of microalbuminuria in this cohort was 19.0%,and there was no statistical difference between the males and females (18.2% vs. 20.0%,P0.05). ② The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was 28.9% in our group. The prevalence of microalbuminuria in the DR group was 26.0%,which was significantly higher than that in the non-DR group (16.2%,P0.01); the prevalence in the background diabetic retinopathy (BDR) group was 25.6%,which was similar to that in the proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (30.4%). ③ Logistic regression analysis showed that DR (OR =2.458,95%CI:1.430-4.227,P=0.001),hypertension (OR=2.036,95%CI:1.174-3.533,P=0.011),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c,OR=1.202,95%CI:1.003-1.440,P=0.047),and systolic pressure (OR=1.025,95%CI:1.004-1.047,P=0.021) were the independent risk factors of microalbuminuia. Conclusion The development and severity of microalbuminuria in middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients are associated with glycated hemoglobin and blood pressure; diabetic nephropathy is closely correlated with diabetic retinopathy.