Palonosetron Hydrochloride Injection in Prevention of Moderate to Severe Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting

Objective To assess the advantage of palonosetron hydrochloride injection for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.Methods The patients were randomized to receive a single dose of palonosetron 0.25 mg(group A,n=77),or tropisetron 5 mg(group B,n=78) 30 min before initiation of moderate or severe emetogenic chemotherapy.Acute and delayed vomiting,nausea,and adverse effect etc.in the patients were strictly observed and recorded.The quality of life(QOF) was evaluated.Results Effective rates for controlling acute and delayed vomiting,0-120 h vomitting were significantly higher in group A(81.8%,70.1% and 67.5%) than in group B(51.3%,43.6% and 41.0%).Time for controlling vomitting was(95.07±42.17) h and(62.07±50.13) h in group A and B,respectively(P0.05).The number of times was(1.46±2.12) per case and(2.96±3.13) per case in group A and B,respectively(P0.05).The time length from chemotherapy to first rescue medication in group A was not longer than group B(P0.05).However,the number of times of rescue medication in group A was significantly lower than that of group B(P0.05).The nausea grade in group A was 0.86±0.69,which was significantly lower than that of group B(1.29±1.03),P0.05.The FLIE score of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(P0.05).The adverse events were similar,including headache,constipation and diarrhea.Conclusion Plonosetron hydrochloride injection is superior to tropisetron for preventing chemotherapy-induced vomiting and nausea,especially for delayed vomiting and nausea,and it can improve QOL.