Diagnostic value of flow cytometry immunophenotype for Multiple Myeloma

Objective To explore the effect of immunophenotype for diagnoses of patients with multiple myeloma(MM).Methods CD45/side scatter(ssc) gating four-color immunofluorescence multiparameter flow cytometry(MP-FCM) was used to test immunophenotype of 35 MM patients and 10 patients with secondary monoclonal gammopathy.Results Myeloma cells displayed both CD138 and CD38 strong positive expression,mean fluorescence intensity(MFI) were 695.2±120.6 and 956.23±436.2.CD56 was strong positive in 91.43%(32/35)cases,the MFI was 779.9±241.0.While CD19 was negative in 33 cases and CD45 was all negative/low positive.The results of patients with secondary monoclonal gammopathy show that CD38 and CD138 were strong positive,the MFI were 621.3±82.8 and 549.6±132.7.CD56 was negative in control group patients,the MFI only was 24.61±13.1.while CD19 was positive in 8 patients and CD45 was all positive.Expressed fluorescence Strength of CD44,myeloma cells was significant strong than secondary monoclonal gammopathy cells.Conclusion MP-FCM is an important diagnostic method for MM and testing CD38,CD138,CD19,CD56,CD45 and CD44 can help distinguish myeloma cells from plasma cells.