Optimization of Regeneration System of Tissue Culture from Mature Embryos and Selection of Suitable Transformation Acceptor Genotype in Wheat

In order to establish an efficient regeneration system of tissue culture for genetic transformation of improved varieties,the mature embryos of 3 wheat cultivars(Jimai19,Liangxing 99,Lumai 14) planted in Shandong Province and model variety Bobwhite were used as explants to study the callus induction and differentiation;and the effects of 3 induction media(including 3 concentrations of 2,4-D) and 1 differentiation medium(including 4 ratios of hormone)on mature embryos in vitro culture were investigated.The results showed that N6 medium were better than MS and MSB5 for callus induction.Its average induction rate was more than 80%.When the 2,4-D concentration was 4 mg/L,the induction effect was the best.All 4 ratios of hormone could induce the callus differentiation from wheat mature embryos,but the differentiation rate was low and great different.The MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IAA and 2 mg/L ZT had the highest differentiation rate of 22.58%.The wheat genotype mainly influenced the differentiation rate,while little affected the induction rate.Lumai 14 was the optimum variety for genetic transformation among 3 varieties.