Study on hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG's effect on preventing HBV transmission from mother to child during pregnancy

Objective To investigate the effects of the hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG on HBV mother-to-child transmission blocking and the influencing factors of HBV mother-to-child transmission.Methods 158 pregnant women with positive hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) were selected as the study subjects from three hospitals in Shenzhen City.Babies borned by study subjects had been inoculated with HBIG at brith and hepatitis B vaccine at 0,1 and 6 months of age.The study subjects were investigated to get the information of the maternal infection situation of hepatitis B,the dilivery method and the feeding method.The infants'venous blood was collected to test the level of HBsAg and HBsAb in serum.Results The positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb in infants were 6.96% and 56.33% respectively.No significant difference was found for the positive rate of HBsAg(P0.05),but a significant difference was found for the positive rate of HBsAb among different age groups(χ2=11.759,P=0.008).The HBV infection rate was higher for infants whose mothers were with positve HBsAg(14.29%/2.94%),HBeAg and HBcAb compared with those with mothers carrying positive HBsAg and HBcAb(P0.05).The positive rates of HBsAg in infants whose mothers had been inoculated with HBIG or not during pregnancy were 8.57% and 7.77% respectively,without significant difference between them(P0.05).There was no significant difference for the positive rates of HBsAg in infants whose mothers choosing cesarean section(9.68%) or natural delivery(3.08%).Regarding different feeding methods,there were also no significant difference found for the positive rates of HBsAg in infants(6.45%/7.69%).Conclusions In current study,inoculating hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG in infants have significant effects on blocking HBV mother-to-child transmission.The blocking effect is significantly associated with the infection status of HBV in mothers.No relationship was found between the blocking effect and the situation of inoculating HBIG during pregnancy,delivery methods and feeding methods.