The Quality Criteria,Standards of Water Environment and the Water Pollutant Control Strategy on Watershed

Starting from discriminating concepts,the difference between water quality criteria and standards are distinguished,and their relationship in total amount control of water pollutants is analyzed.The author summarized the process and methodology of water quality criteria and standards in US,made a comparison between domestic and abroad water quality standard systems in term of composition,water protection function,setting method and so on,and reviewed the application of water quality standard in water pollutant control.The research shows that water quality standards are determined according to the water function based on water quality criteria.Water quality criteria are composed of toxicology criteria and ecological criteria,which values are determined by the method of ecotoxicology and statistic analysis of ecological survey.Water ecological region is developed as the spatial unit of setting ecological criteria.The total amount control of water pollutants based on water quality standard is the current developing trend of water pollutant prevention and control,and protection of aquatic ecosystems and human health is the core function of water quality standards system along with improvement of water quality criteria and standards.Finally,the author proposed countermeasures for developing water quality criteria and standards in china.