On Economic Nationalism in the Late Qing Dynasty

本文主要论述1860~1912年间晚清经济民族主义的相关思潮及其主张，以具体的思想史资料为核心进行实证考察，力图形成有理论色彩的有关晚清民族主义的较为完整的概念。本文认为，以经济为取向，强调本民族经济权益的经济民族主义是民族主义的一种主要形式。晚清严重的社会经济危机催发了经济民族主义的产生，对西方工商立国的体认成为晚清经济民族主义的思想基础，而甲午战后清政府出台的振兴工商业政策，则优化了经济民族主义的生成环境。主张“挽回利权”，对西方经济侵略进行“商战”，提倡重商主义，主张“商业立国”和“实业救国”，这些可以看成是晚清民族主义思潮的主要内容。晚清经济民族主义思想带有明显的反对西方军事、经济侵略的特征，具有鲜明的时代性和进步性。这一思潮极大地丰富了近代思想史宝库，对于启迪国人的现代意识具有重要意义。 This paper mainly discusses the thoughts and its advocates related to economic nationalism during years of 1860-1912 inthe late Qing Dynasty, specific using the ideological history data as the core empirical study, tries to form a complete theoretical color concept related to nationalism in late Qing Dynasty. This paper thinks, with the economic rights as the main objective, the economic nationalism that emphasizing the national economic rights and interests is main form of nationalism. The serious social and economic crisis caused the economic nationalism, recognizing industry and business as the foundation of western countries became the ideological foundation of economic nationalism in late Qing Dynasty, and after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, Qing government issued the policy of industry and commerce, Created favorable environment of economic nationalism. These can be regarded as the primary content of nationalism in the late Qing Dynasty, such as “To recover the rights”, launch “Commercial war” against the western economic aggression, advocate the “Commercial state”, “save the nation by engaging in industry”. The economic nationalism in the late Qing Dynasty has the obvious characteristics against western military and economic invasion, has the distinct characteristics of the temporal spirit and progress. This thought has greatly enriched the treasure house of the modern history of thought, and is of great significance to inspire people’s modern consciousness.