Condition of hydraulic jump and pressure in a steep slope conduit

Hydraulic gradients in a circular conduit with a hydraulic jump were investigated by experiments. It was made to confirm the results presented by Kalinske et. al. on closed conduit flow, and to establish a set of formula in determining the location and height of the jump. The experimental observations were conducted in three cases, i. e. 1) steady hydraulic jumps with different lengths, 2) moving hydraulic jumps due to pressurized flow coming from the inlet of the conduit and 3) the alternate flow of full flow and partly-full flow. Observation results on the hydraulic grade line of flows in the conduit, which are different from the previous researches, are discussed