Complement component C3: relationship with obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk markers.

Background : Obesity is a characterized as a state of chronic low grade inflammation and is associated with Insulin Resistance, altered glucose and lipid metabolism, prothrombotic and proatherogenic state, all of which promote the development of cardiometabolic conditions. Objective: To evaluate the relationship of inflammatory marker C3 with obesity, Insulin resistance & different Cardiovascular risk factors. Material & Methods: The study included 250 subjects (97 men & 153 women) out of which 64 % were overweight, 23 % were obese class I ( n= 57) and 13 % (n=33) were with class II obesity according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) - Modified ATP III criteria. Biochemical parameters like serum C3, Fasting sugar levels, Insulin levels and lipid profile were measured. Homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Statistical analysis was done by Medcalc.v11.5.0.0.software. Results: Mean C3 levels in total no. patients were 142.36 ± 31.27 mg/dl. Statistically significant differences were found in both sexes for distribution of variables except age, BMI, blood pressure & C3 levels. Serum C3 correlated significantly with BMI (r = 0.739. P< 0.0001), insulin resistance (r= 0.257, P <0.001), Triglyceride (r = 0.324, P < 0.001) & LDL (r= 0.424, P < 0.001). Levels of C3 increased as associated disorders with obesity than obese patients with no other disorders. (ANOVA, P< 0.001). Conclusion: In this study, association of C3 with progressive increase in BMI was established. The relationship of C3 with Insulin resistance and Cardiovascular risk factors was found. Our data concluded that dyslipidemia, diabetes & hypertension have a role in increasing the levels of serum C3 concentration.