Gas controller's paper pipeline - transportation and exchange

When gas supplies began to decline during the 1970s, the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission promulgated Orders 402 and 402-A to allow curtailed companies to make 60-day emergency purchases. In assisting its customer companies with such transactions, Texas Gas encountered several problems: the gas had to be allocated to each company, the sales required separate billing, the allocated volumes had to be received and delivered, and new contracts were necessary. Another stopgap measure, known as the 533 transportation service, also proved difficult to implement because the gas volumes were usually very small and were often interrupted when regular supplies began to resume. Under the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978, interstate companies could offer the same gas prices to producers that intrastate companies paid; the NGPA also allowed sales from intra- to interstate companies. These provisions created a greater need for transportation-or-exchange service among all the parties. More recently, the FERC's Order 60 gave interstate companies the power to enter into self-implementing transportation-or-exchange service. Under legal modifications now being considered, pipeline companies will be able to significantly reduce regulatory delays by using blanket certificates.