Normal standards for cardiopulmonary responses to exercise using a cycle ergometer test.

The purpose of the study was to establish standards for cardiopulmonary responses to exercise in healthy Chinese subjects in Taiwan. One hundred and five sedentary healthy subjects, 55 men and 50 women aged between 20 and 75 years, were tested. They pedalled a cycle ergometer with the work rate increased by 10 W every minute until they were exhausted. Expiratory gas volume, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, and heart rate were measured during the exercise test. Work rate (WRmax), oxygen consumption (VO2max), oxygen consumption divided by body weight (VO2max/BW), heart rate (HRmax), and ventilation (VEmax) at maximal exercise, and oxygen consumption at anaerobic threshold (VO2AT) were determined. These parameters were regressed by age (A, in year), height (H, in cm), body weight (G, in kg), and gender (S, 0 = women, and 1 = men), and the following predictive equations were obtained: 1) WRmax (W) = -1.2 A + 1.1 H + 0.7 G + 28 S - 56, R = 0.90; 2) VO2max (ml/min) = -20 A + 9.5 H + 16 G + 461 S - 237, R = 0.90; (3) VO2max/BW (ml/kg/min) = -0.31 A + 0.14 H - 0.14 G - 7.2 S + 22, R = 0.87; 4) HRmax (beat/min) = -0.81 A + 209, R = 0.61; 5) VEmax (L/min) = -0.74 A - 0.04 H + 0.93 G + 22.2 S + 42, R = 0.83; 6) VO2AT (ml/min) = -9.5 A + 3.5 H + 9.4 G + 140 S - 122, R = 0.79. Our results provide normal standards for cardiopulmonary responses to exercise during cycle ergometer testing in Taiwan.